Optimal. Leaf size=74 \[ -\frac {5}{21} x \sqrt {1+x^4}+\frac {1}{7} x^5 \sqrt {1+x^4}+\frac {5 \left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^4}{\left (1+x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}(x)|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{42 \sqrt {1+x^4}} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.01, antiderivative size = 74, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 3, number of rules used = 2, integrand size = 13, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.154, Rules used = {327, 226}
\begin {gather*} \frac {5 \left (x^2+1\right ) \sqrt {\frac {x^4+1}{\left (x^2+1\right )^2}} F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}(x)\left |\frac {1}{2}\right .\right )}{42 \sqrt {x^4+1}}-\frac {5}{21} \sqrt {x^4+1} x+\frac {1}{7} \sqrt {x^4+1} x^5 \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 226
Rule 327
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^8}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx &=\frac {1}{7} x^5 \sqrt {1+x^4}-\frac {5}{7} \int \frac {x^4}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {5}{21} x \sqrt {1+x^4}+\frac {1}{7} x^5 \sqrt {1+x^4}+\frac {5}{21} \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+x^4}} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {5}{21} x \sqrt {1+x^4}+\frac {1}{7} x^5 \sqrt {1+x^4}+\frac {5 \left (1+x^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {1+x^4}{\left (1+x^2\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}(x)|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{42 \sqrt {1+x^4}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 5 vs. order 4 in
optimal.
time = 10.01, size = 40, normalized size = 0.54 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{21} x \left (\sqrt {1+x^4} \left (-5+3 x^4\right )+5 \, _2F_1\left (\frac {1}{4},\frac {1}{2};\frac {5}{4};-x^4\right )\right ) \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 0.16, size = 84, normalized size = 1.14
method | result | size |
meijerg | \(\frac {x^{9} \hypergeom \left (\left [\frac {1}{2}, \frac {9}{4}\right ], \left [\frac {13}{4}\right ], -x^{4}\right )}{9}\) | \(17\) |
risch | \(\frac {x \left (3 x^{4}-5\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}{21}+\frac {5 \sqrt {-i x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {i x^{2}+1}\, \EllipticF \left (x \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ), i\right )}{21 \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}\) | \(79\) |
default | \(\frac {x^{5} \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}{7}-\frac {5 x \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}{21}+\frac {5 \sqrt {-i x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {i x^{2}+1}\, \EllipticF \left (x \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ), i\right )}{21 \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}\) | \(84\) |
elliptic | \(\frac {x^{5} \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}{7}-\frac {5 x \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}{21}+\frac {5 \sqrt {-i x^{2}+1}\, \sqrt {i x^{2}+1}\, \EllipticF \left (x \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ), i\right )}{21 \left (\frac {\sqrt {2}}{2}+\frac {i \sqrt {2}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {x^{4}+1}}\) | \(84\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 0.08, size = 34, normalized size = 0.46 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{21} \, {\left (3 \, x^{5} - 5 \, x\right )} \sqrt {x^{4} + 1} + \frac {5}{21} i \, \sqrt {i} F(\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {i}}{x}\right )\,|\,-1) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [C] Result contains complex when optimal does not.
time = 0.41, size = 29, normalized size = 0.39 \begin {gather*} \frac {x^{9} \Gamma \left (\frac {9}{4}\right ) {{}_{2}F_{1}\left (\begin {matrix} \frac {1}{2}, \frac {9}{4} \\ \frac {13}{4} \end {matrix}\middle | {x^{4} e^{i \pi }} \right )}}{4 \Gamma \left (\frac {13}{4}\right )} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.01 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x^8}{\sqrt {x^4+1}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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